A rebalancing game plan could look like this.
1. Revisit your original investing plan and target asset allocation. Hopefully when you started investing, you decided on a target asset allocation, or what percent of your total portfolio you want invested in different types of securities (like stocks and bonds) or left in cash. If you didn’t make that plan, now could be a good time to create an asset allocation strategy (or work with a pro to help you create one) that aligns with your financial goals.
2. Determine your portfolio's current asset allocation. This might take a bit of math, but see what percent of your total portfolio is represented in different investment types. This could be as high level as looking at how much money you have in stocks, bonds, and short-term investments, or it could be more specific to factor in how much stock you have in different sectors, different size companies, and different management styles (like actively managed vs. passive mutual funds). You could even look at the credit quality and/or duration of bonds you hold.
If you have a Fidelity account, this info is available in the Planning & Guidance Center, or the GPS analysis tab on portfolio summary.
3. Consider whether your past asset allocation fits your current financial goals and timeframe. How and when you want to use the money in your investments might change over time, so your asset allocation might need to too. Even if your goals haven’t changed, you might want to shake up how much you’re invested in different kinds of assets as you come closer to making a big money move. For example, if you’re 1 year out from buying a house, you might want to allocate more of your portfolio to more-secure investments, as you have less time to recover from a potential market drop before closing time.
4. Buy or sell investments to rebalance your portfolio. If your investment mix has drifted away from your target, you might want to get it back on track. But first ask yourself: How large of a drift are you willing to tolerate? For instance, maybe being 10% off your target allocation in any asset class would trigger action. In that case, you might choose to rebalance over time by regularly buying in asset classes currently underrepresented in your portfolio. Or you might want to sell some investments in an overrepresented asset class and use the money from those sales to buy underrepresented investments.
5. Set a time for you next portfolio check-in. Today’s work might be done, but make sure to set yourself up for the future by scheduling your next investment check-in. A reminder in your phone or on your calendar could help keep you, your money, and your financial goals on track.
Sounds like too much work? It could be. If you want to avoid rebalancing your own portfolio, consider investing options that do this for you, such as target date funds that rebalance your portfolio automatically.